Production management means planning, organising, directing and controlling of production activities. Production management deals with converting raw materials into finished goods or products. It brings together the 6M's i.e. men, money, machines, materials, methods and markets to satisfy the wants of the people.
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Production Planning and Control (PPC) is the “brain and nervous system” of a production unit. Planning decides what, how much, and when to produce. Control ensures that actual production follows the plan by monitoring progress and taking corrective actions.
Without PPC:
Therefore, PPC helps achieve right quantity, right quality, right time and right cost.
Production Planning and Control (PPC) is the function of planning production activities and controlling their execution to ensure efficient production and timely delivery.
Objectives:
So, planning sets the direction; control keeps the system on track.
PPC includes:
Routing means deciding the path/sequence of operations that a job will follow from raw material to finished product.
Steps:
Importance:
Loading means allocating work to machines/work centers based on capacity.
Goal:
Sequencing means deciding the order in which jobs are processed on a machine.
Common rules (basic idea):
Scheduling means fixing the time and date for each operation/job—when it will start and finish.
Types:
Tools:
Dispatching is the act of releasing orders and instructions to start production as per schedule.
Typical dispatching activities:
Dispatching converts plan into action on the shop floor.
Follow-up (expediting) means checking progress of production and ensuring jobs move as planned.
Importance:
If delay occurs, expediting may involve:
Quality control is integrated with PPC to ensure that output meets specifications.
Inspection points:
If defects are detected:
Control requires a feedback mechanism:
Gantt chart shows planned vs actual schedule using horizontal bars.
Use:
Shows percentage completion of jobs over time.
These charts support quick decision-making and follow-up.
Forecast demand → Plan (routing + loading + scheduling) → Dispatch work
↓
Execute production → Inspect & record progress → Follow-up
↓
Compare with plan → Corrective action → Feedback to planning
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Production Planning and Control (PPC) is the “brain and nervous system” of a production unit. Planning decides what, how much, and when to produce. Control ensures that actual production follows the plan by monitoring progress and taking corrective actions.
Without PPC:
Therefore, PPC helps achieve right quantity, right quality, right time and right cost.
Production Planning and Control (PPC) is the function of planning production activities and controlling their execution to ensure efficient production and timely delivery.
Objectives:
So, planning sets the direction; control keeps the system on track.
PPC includes:
Routing means deciding the path/sequence of operations that a job will follow from raw material to finished product.
Steps:
Importance:
Loading means allocating work to machines/work centers based on capacity.
Goal:
Sequencing means deciding the order in which jobs are processed on a machine.
Common rules (basic idea):
Scheduling means fixing the time and date for each operation/job—when it will start and finish.
Types:
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Functions of PPC (any five):
Thus, PPC connects planning with shop-floor execution and control.
Steps (any three):
Importance:
Hence, routing is a basic planning activity in PPC.
Follow-up/expediting means continuously monitoring production progress and ensuring jobs move as per schedule.
Flowchart:
Plan & schedule → Dispatch → Monitor progress (follow-up)
↓
Deviation found (delay/defect/shortage)
↓
Corrective action (reschedule/resources/maintenance)
↓
Back on track + feedback to planning
Conclusion: Follow-up with corrective action forms the control loop that keeps production aligned with the plan.