A country can gain faster economic growth when the share of working-age population becomes high and the dependency ratio falls. This opportunity is called demographic dividend. However, dividend is not automatic; it requires education, skills, jobs and good health. For businesses, the dividend period can mean a larger workforce and a larger consumer market. This topic explains the concept and connects it to workforce planning, skills, productivity and employment.
Demographic dividend is the potential economic advantage that occurs when a larger proportion of the population is in the working-age group and the dependency ratio is low, enabling higher productivity and savings—if the workforce is educated and employed.
Dividend usually appears in late Stage 2 / Stage 3 of demographic transition:
Dividend is realized when:
Workforce planning is the process of ensuring the right number of people with the right skills are available at the right time to achieve organizational goals.
It includes:
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Conditions to realize demographic dividend include:
(Any three conditions like women’s participation and infrastructure can be written.)
Components of workforce planning include:
(Any three components can be written.)
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A country can gain faster economic growth when the share of working-age population becomes high and the dependency ratio falls. This opportunity is called demographic dividend. However, dividend is not automatic; it requires education, skills, jobs and good health. For businesses, the dividend period can mean a larger workforce and a larger consumer market. This topic explains the concept and connects it to workforce planning, skills, productivity and employment.
Demographic dividend is the potential economic advantage that occurs when a larger proportion of the population is in the working-age group and the dependency ratio is low, enabling higher productivity and savings—if the workforce is educated and employed.
Dividend usually appears in late Stage 2 / Stage 3 of demographic transition:
Dividend is realized when:
Workforce planning is the process of ensuring the right number of people with the right skills are available at the right time to achieve organizational goals.
It includes:
Skills are critical for turning population into productive workforce:
Employability increases when education aligns with market demand.
Productivity means output produced per unit of input (often per worker or per hour).
Drivers:
If skills/jobs are lacking, the “dividend” can become a “demographic burden” through unemployment and social stress.
Demography tells future labour supply; firms must match it with future skill needs.
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Demographic dividend refers to the potential economic advantage that can occur when the share of working-age population becomes relatively larger and the dependency ratio falls. This situation usually appears in Stage 3 and early Stage 4 of demographic transition. A larger working-age group can increase production, savings and consumption, which can support economic growth.
However, demographic dividend is not automatic. It becomes a real dividend only when certain conditions are met:
If these conditions are missing, the large working-age population may remain unemployed or underemployed and the dividend can turn into a burden.
Therefore, demographic dividend is a time-bound opportunity window that must be supported by investments in skills, health and employment generation.