Quality means the degree to which a project deliverable meets stated requirements and customer expectations.
Important point:
Objectives:
Quality management reduces waste and improves reliability.
Quality planning identifies quality standards and defines how to achieve them.
Outputs may include:
Quality assurance focuses on processes.
It ensures the project is using the right processes and standards so defects are prevented.
Examples:
Quality control focuses on the product/deliverable.
It checks actual outputs to detect defects.
Examples:
In exams, write: “QA prevents, QC detects.”
Cost of quality includes:
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Quality planning identifies quality standards, defines metrics, and prepares a plan/checklists to ensure deliverables meet requirements. It sets acceptance criteria and process approach.
QA is process-focused and aims at prevention through standards and audits. QC is product-focused and aims at detection using inspection and testing. QA prevents; QC detects.
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Quality means the degree to which a project deliverable meets stated requirements and customer expectations.
Important point:
Objectives:
Quality management reduces waste and improves reliability.
Quality planning identifies quality standards and defines how to achieve them.
Outputs may include:
Quality assurance focuses on processes.
It ensures the project is using the right processes and standards so defects are prevented.
Examples:
Quality control focuses on the product/deliverable.
It checks actual outputs to detect defects.
Examples:
In exams, write: “QA prevents, QC detects.”
Cost of quality includes:
Key idea: investing in prevention often reduces failure costs.
Continuous improvement means regularly improving processes and quality.
PDCA cycle:
Common “7 QC tools”:
You can mention 5–7 tools depending on syllabus.
Pareto principle: ~80% problems come from ~20% causes.
Pareto chart helps:
Fishbone diagram helps find root causes by grouping causes.
Common categories (6M):
Control chart monitors process variation over time.
Key concept:
Plan → Do → Check → Act → (repeat)
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Thus QA prevents and QC detects, while planning sets the quality targets.