Modern organizations run many departments—purchase, production, inventory, sales, finance and HR. If each department uses separate software, data becomes duplicated and decisions become slow. Enterprise systems solve this by integrating data and processes across the organization, so everyone works with the same information in real time.
This chapter mainly covers three enterprise systems:
An enterprise system is an integrated software system that supports and automates core business processes across departments using a common database.
Key idea: one organization → one integrated system → one consistent data source.
Examples (generic):
Enterprise systems are needed because they:
Practical example:
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software system that integrates internal business processes like:
Common ERP modules (names may vary by vendor):
Why modules matter:
CRM (Customer Relationship Management) is a system for managing interactions with customers throughout the customer lifecycle.
CRM supports:
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Objectives of ERP (any three):
Thus, ERP supports integrated operations and better control.
Common ERP modules (any three):
ERP modules share data, so one activity updates related departments automatically.
A management information system (MIS) is a computer system consisting of hardware and software that serves as the backbone of an organization's operations. An MIS gathers data from multiple online systems, analyzes the information, and reports data to aid in management decision-making.
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Modern organizations run many departments—purchase, production, inventory, sales, finance and HR. If each department uses separate software, data becomes duplicated and decisions become slow. Enterprise systems solve this by integrating data and processes across the organization, so everyone works with the same information in real time.
This chapter mainly covers three enterprise systems:
An enterprise system is an integrated software system that supports and automates core business processes across departments using a common database.
Key idea: one organization → one integrated system → one consistent data source.
Examples (generic):
Enterprise systems are needed because they:
Practical example:
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) is a software system that integrates internal business processes like:
Common ERP modules (names may vary by vendor):
Why modules matter:
CRM (Customer Relationship Management) is a system for managing interactions with customers throughout the customer lifecycle.
CRM supports:
Common CRM modules:
SCM (Supply Chain Management) manages the flow of goods, information and money from: supplier → manufacturer → distributor → retailer → customer
SCM includes:
Think of SCM as optimizing the end-to-end chain, not just one department.
Enterprise system implementation is not only an IT project—it is a business change project.
Sales Order → Inventory Check → Production/Procurement → Delivery → Invoice → Payment → Accounting Reports
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Conclusion: ERP connects internal departments, CRM manages customer lifecycle, and SCM optimizes supplier-to-customer flow.